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Introduction
- The lithium battery combustion and explosion chamber is mainly used for thermal runaway, combustion, and even explosion tests of lithium batteries.
- Lithium battery combustion and explosion actions are rapid, release enormous energy instantaneously, and produce multiple toxic and hazardous gases. For sealed-environment testing, the pressure vessel is designed according to the process of explosive shock pressurization.
- Since actual explosion energy depends on battery quantity and capacity and no more detailed data is currently provided, the chamber is designed and manufactured for shock-pressure resistance up to 3 MPa.
- Shock pressure is characterized by instantaneous pressure surge followed by recovery to atmospheric pressure or slightly above atmospheric pressure within a very short time.
- The battery thermal failure test system consists of an explosion chamber, heating system, pressure detection system, temperature detection system, air purge system, nitrogen filling system, vacuum extraction system, and gas sampling system.
Design Scheme
- The chamber is designed as a horizontal cylindrical vessel with an internal volume of approximately 82 L, consisting of the chamber body, chamber door, support feet, rear cover, and auxiliary heating failure device.
Explosion Chamber Functions
- The explosion chamber uses a gear-ring pneumatic sealing design. A movable handwheel drives the rack to quickly lock the chamber door, and a rotating support arm is provided for opening and closing.
- Internal volume of explosion chamber: 82 L.
- The chamber air inlet uses high-precision seamless steel tubing with threaded connection and is equipped with a safety pressure relief valve port.
- Electrical line inlet uses imported high-pressure sealing connectors for convenient wiring installation and good sealing performance.
Chamber Structure
- The chamber body has an internal diameter of 450 mm and an overall length of about 600 mm, made from Q345R pressure-resistant steel plate, with constant shock-pressure resistance above 3 MPa and maximum pressure resistance of 3.3 MPa.
- The main body is integrally forged steel. One end is fixed with a welded elliptical head, and the other end is welded with an active gear ring as an openable chamber door, sealed by pneumatic cushion inflation.
- The chamber door is connected to the cylinder through a rotating boom device and opens to the right. The door opening diameter is 450 mm, matching the cylinder body for convenient specimen installation and instrument arrangement.
- After closing, the chamber door is locked by rotating toothed ring engagement and sealed pneumatically, with maximum pressure resistance of 3.3 MPa and designed constant pressure resistance of 3 MPa without leakage.
- The air inlet is automatically controlled by valves and can perform nitrogen filling and purging.
- The exhaust port can perform vacuum extraction, venting, and sample gas collection through valve control.
- The pressure port connects pressure gauge, pressure transmitter, safety relief valve, and related devices.
- Reserved cable inlets are provided for thermocouples, heating wires, signal lines, and other wiring.
Electric Heating Forced Failure Device
- The equipment provides an automatic temperature ramp control system. Heating rate can be set.
- The heating control system can control a maximum power of 2 kW.
- Heating temperature and heating rate are settable. Heating rate is 4 °C to 7 °C per minute.
- Heating rate is automatically controlled by computer.
- Battery and heater platform support bracket is included.
Pressure Measurement System
- Includes high-pressure pressure gauge, imported German high-pressure sensor, and imported German vacuum pressure transmitter.
- The high-pressure sensor and vacuum sensor are equipped with safety solenoid valves and relief valve protection at the front end, and corresponding pressure channels are automatically selected according to the operating procedure.
Temperature Measurement System
- Imported Omega thermocouples.
- Supports up to 8 channels of temperature signal acquisition, including heating control temperature channels.
Control and Detection System
- Computer plus Labview computer control system.
- Program automatically controls the heating rate at 4 °C to 7 °C per minute.
- Real-time temperature acquisition system generates real-time temperature curves.
- Real-time monitoring of chamber pressure.
- Program automatically performs chamber gas replacement to ensure oxygen concentration inside the chamber is lower than 1%.
- Equipped with an automatic chamber gas cleaning program.
Electrical Interfaces
- Temperature sensor wiring: 8 channels.
- Heating wires: 2 groups, each group 2 kW.
- Voltage signal line: 1.
- Spare signal lines: 6.
Specifications
|
Parameter |
Value |
|
Model |
Not provided |
|
Internal Volume |
Approximately 82 L |
|
Cylinder Internal Diameter |
450 mm |
|
Overall Cylinder Length |
About 600 mm |
|
Pressure Resistance |
Constant 3 MPa; maximum 3.3 MPa |
|
Heating Control Power |
Maximum 2 kW |
|
Heating Rate |
4 °C to 7 °C/min |
|
Temperature Channels |
Up to 8 |
|
Footprint |
1.5 m x 2 m |
|
Total Weight |
450 kg |
|
Power Supply |
220 V, 10 kW |
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